Ke alaka?i alaka?i ?oihana no ka mālama ?ana i ka pākaukau ?oihana
?O nā ?oko?a ?enehana he mau ?āpana mālama ikehu ko?iko?i ma Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS), nā kahua kikowaena kelepona, nā ?ōnaehana mana pilikia, nā kikowaena ?ikepili, a me nā lako uila. Ho?onui ka polokalamu mālama ma?amau i ka lō?ihi o ka pākaukau, ho?onui i ka hilina?i o ka ?ōnaehana, a ho?emi i ka ho?olimalima hana.
1. Nā ?ano pākaukau kī a me ka ho?ohālikelike hi?ohi?ona
| ?Ano Pākaukau | Nā pono | Nā pō?ino | Nā noi ma?amau |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lead–Acid (Vrla/AGM/GEL) | Kumukuai haahaa; hō?oia i ka hilina?i; mālama ma?alahi | Ha?aha?a ha?aha?a ikehu; pa?akikī i nā loli wela | UPS, mana ho?iho?i, ?oihana kelepona |
| Lithium-Ion | Ki?eki?e ikehu ki?eki?e; ola pō?aiapuni lō?ihi; māmā | ?Oi aku ke kumukū?ai ?āpana; Pono ka Pūnaehana Ho?okele Baterya (BMS) | ?O nā forklift uila, mālama microgrid, EV |
| Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd) | Hana maika?i loa i ka wela ki?eki?e; ho?oku?u kūpa?a | Ka hopena ho?omana?o; pilikia ho?olei kaiapuni | Kāko?o Aerospace, nā kaiapuni wela ki?eki?e |
2. Nā Kūlana mālama a me nā ?ōlelo ho?oponopono
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IEC 60896-21/22: Ka ho?okō ?ana i ka pākaukau lead-acid a me nā ?ano ho?ā?o
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IEEE 450: Mana?o ho?oma?ama?a no ka ho?ā?o ?ana i ka mālama ?ana i nā pāka?i lead-acid no UPS a me ka mana standby
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UL 1989: Kūlana palekana no Pūnaehana Upss
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Nā ho?oponopono kūloko: Nā kuhikuhina National Energy Administration, nā code palekana ahi, nā kūlana ?oihana telecom
E ho?okumu i nā ka?ina hana ma?amau (SOPs) i kūlike me kēia mau ma?amau e hō?oia i nā hana mālama kūpa?a, palekana, a me ka ho?okō.
3. Nānā i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka nānā ?ana
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Nānā Ki?i
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?O ka pa?a o ka pā: ?a?ohe māwae, bulging, a i ?ole leakage
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Nā terminal a me nā mea ho?ohui: ?a?ohe ?ino; ho?opa?a ?ia ka torque i 8–12 N·m
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Nānā Kaiapuni
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Mahana: mālama 20–25 °C (max 30 °C)
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?O ka ha?aha?a ha?aha?a:
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?O ka ho?ohehe?e ?ana: ea ≥0.5 m/s e ho?opuehu i ke kinoea hydrogen
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Ana Uila
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Ka uila uila: ± 0.02 V pololei ma nā pūnaewele a pau
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Kaumaha kiko (lead–acid): 1.265–1.280 g/cm3
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Ke kū'ē i loko: ≤5 mΩ (?oko?a i ka mana / spec); e ho?ohana i ka AC impedance analyzer
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Māka?ika?i pūnaewele (DCS/BMS)
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Ke nānā mau nei i ka State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), ka mahana, a me ke kū'ē i loko
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?O nā pu?upu?u paepae: no ka la?ana, ka mahana >28 °C a i ?ole ka pi?i ?ana o ke kūpa?a ?ana >5% e ho?omaka i ka ho?onohonoho hana mālama
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4. Nā Ka?ina Hana Ho?oma?ama?a a me nā Ka?ina Ho?ā?o
| Kūwaena | Ka hana | Ke?ano a me ke kūlana |
|---|---|---|
| ?O kēlā me kēia pule | Nānā ki?i a me ka torque terminal | Ho?opa?a ma ka IEEE 450 Annex A |
| ?O kēlā me kēia mahina | Volta uila a me ka umekaumaha kiko'ī | voltmeter calibrated & hydrometer; ± 0.5% pololei |
| ?Ekahi hapahā | Kū'ē kūloko & hiki | ?O ke ka?ina ho?oku?u pu?upu?u no IEC 60896-21 |
| I kēlā me kēia makahiki | ?O ka hō?oia ?ana i ka uku kaulike a me ka float charge curve | Lanakila: 2.25–2.30 V/cell; Ho?ohālikelike: 2.40 V/cell |
| I kēlā me kēia 2-3 makahiki | Hō?ike ho?ohehe?e hohonu a me ka loiloi hana | ≥80% o ka hiki i helu ?ia e hala |
E mālama i nā mo?olelo uila e hō?ike ana i ka lā, nā limahana, nā lako, a me nā hopena no ka traceability.
5. Palekana palekana a me nā ka?ina hana pilikia
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Lako Palekana Pilikino (PPE): Nā mīkina lima i ho?opa?a ?ia, nā mīkina lima palekana, nā mīkina lima kūpa?a kemika
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Kāohi Kaapuni Pōkole: E ho?ohana i nā mea hana insulated; wehe i ke ka?a ka?a nui ma mua o ka lawelawe ?ana
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Pane Spill Acid: Neutralize me ka sodium bicarbonate; holoi i ka wahi i ho?opilikia ?ia me ka wai
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Ho?opau ahi: E mālama i nā mea kinai pauka malo?o ABC ma ka pūnaewele; mai ho?ohana i ka wai ma ke ahi uila
E hana i nā ho?oma?ama?a ma?amau e hō?oia i ka mākaukau pane ?ana i ka pilikia.
6. Hō?ike hewa a me ka ho?oma?ama?a ?ana
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Ho?omā?ewa?ewa ?ia ka hiki: Hana i ka C/10 discharge curve analysis no ka ho?omaopopo ?ana i ka pae degradation
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Ke kaulike ?ole o ke kelepona: E no?ono?o i ka ?ikepili BMS no ka ?ike ?ana i nā kahawai parasitic a i ?ole nā ????pūnaewele nāwaliwali; pani i nā ?āpana hemahema
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Ka wela nui i ka wā o ka ho?opa?a ?ana: Ho?opili i nā lā?au wela me nā ?ao?ao pili; ho?olālā i ka ho?olālā o kēia manawa a me ka ho?olu?u
Ho?ohana i ka mālama wānana ma ka ho?ohui ?ana i nā algorithm a?o mīkini me ka ?ikepili mō?aukala e wānana i nā ?ano olakino a ho?onohonoho i nā hana ho?oikaika.
Ka hopena
?O ke ?ano ho?omalu mālama ?oihana—i ho?okumu ?ia i nā kūlana honua, ka nānā ?ana i ka ?ikepili, a me ka ?ikepili wanana-e hō?oia i ka holo pono ?ana o nā ?ōnaehana pākaukau ?oihana, hilina?i, a palekana. Pono nā hui e ho?oma?ema?e mau i kā lākou mau protocol mālama a ho?ohana i nā ?ōnaehana nānā na?auao e ho?okō i ka hana maika?i loa a me ka uku-pono.